In hotel lobbies, the Robot Run cleaning robot navigates smoothly around obstacles using a variety of sensors. These sensors function as the robot's "senses," allowing it to perceive and understand its surroundings.

Internal sensors primarily monitor the robot's own status. For instance, the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) provides positioning information, odometers measure travel distance, liquid level sensors detect the water tank status, and battery sensors monitor power levels. Together, these ensure the robot can automatically refill, empty, and recharge at appropriate times.

External sensors are responsible for sensing the external environment, providing support for navigation and obstacle avoidance. LiDAR sensors assist in mapping and localization, with 3D and 2D variants enabling stereoscopic environmental recognition and aiding in obstacle avoidance. Vision sensors (such as RGB, depth, and infrared cameras) capture image information to identify obstacles and types of waste, adapting to different lighting conditions. Ultrasonic radars detect reflective objects like glass and mirrors, while millimeter-wave radars can detect moving obstacles in any lighting condition, making them ideal for complex environments like underground parking garages.